Indians (Relations)

Accounts of money, rations given to Apaches in may, June, 1791. Each payment authorized by order of Grimarest or other officer; orders written on little pieces of scrap paper, all read Approximately the same; most orders lost in volume binding, but lists summarizing orders, payments are included. Last page is list of supplemental rations ordered for Apaches to go on June, campaign with Echeagaray. Mentions Grimarest is ill, not at work in middle returns to post by July. (A. Dean, may, 1989)

Receipts for payments to citizens for goods, services (guarding cattle). Accounts of money, goods (clothes, firewood, utensils, etc.) Given to individual Apaches. Many brief notes on little pieces of scrap paper. (A. Dean, may 1989)

Castro informs virrey continuously of progress in pacification of Indians; Toledo informs gobernador Emparan that several Indians requested peace at Riogrande presidio, offered to return eight hostages in exchange for Indian prisoners; virrey instructs to accept peace offer. Gutierrez gives virrey information concerning Santa Rosa incident of may 1, 2; Indians came for peace treaty, ended fighting. Report of dead, wounded in incident. Virrey gives opinion of facts to Castro, asks for full explanation of how 11 Indians could wreak such havoc. Emparan passes on to virrey Gutierrez's warning that Indians may take revenge, military should prepare to prevent attack. Virrey requests detailed report of successes in colony despite Indians. (D. Bautista, April 1990)

Nava informs virrey that he will recruit about 1000 Indians to fight Apaches. Nava instructs Concha to be very careful not to let Comanches know their friendship is useful only in war against Apaches. Virrey orders Nava to put one Destacamento Saltillo, another in Alamo de Parra, to facilitate communication between two comandancias. Nava informs virrey of Castro's petition for 400 soldiers, says request is impossible but with Comanche alliance he will be able to help Castro. Copy of letter from Castro to Nava concerning how to prepare an attack on Lipanes without jeopardizing comandancias. Comandante of presidio del Norte informs Nava of situation with Indians. (D. Bautista, April 1990)

Important letter from Mexico City instructing Castro how to handle delicate situation with Indians; gobernador of Texas informs Castro that he believes there are spies in Texas sending military information to Lipanes; Castro suggests investigation. Letter from Castro explaining to virrey why he wants to give armaments to friendly Indians of north. Military reports of companias presidiales y volantes. Letter giving Castro responsibility for decisions in matter of Indians in four provincias of his jurisdiction. Castro describes his living situation in those provincias to virrey, who replies that he will support Castro's decisions. (D. Bautista, April 1990)

Legal dispatches of laws and precidents by which several towns surrounding Santa Barbara are apportioned land; specifies that land rights of mission and private landholders be respected; land available because of removal of barbaros; only Spanish, approved by Jesuits, allowed access to land (p. Coyle January 1990)

Padres address auto to capitan comandante Rivera that Osio took cattle belonging to mission, killed and sold them. Money should be recovered and returned to them. Osio says cattle were on disputed land, geographical boundaries in error and were his. Osio ordered for further testimony before justicia mayor Rivera. Determines number of cattle owned by mission since 1734 and concludes Osio guilty. Traces sale of cattle by Osio and fines him 1000 pesos. Osio appeals claiming can determine his family's right of ownership. (J. M. Johnson, July 1989)

Folios 334-336 from Fages to Bucareli concerns question of distribution of land and furnishing of cattle to settlers who marry Indian women converts in Monterrey jurisdiction. Remaining supplies and cattle for Lower California missions and presidios; of necessary personnel, food, cattle and arms for their defense; advises of shipments and receipts of items to same by paquebots San Carlos, el Principe and San Antonio. 2) ff. 341-344 are 1770 instrucciones from Croix to the Cabo of the Escolta de la mision in 16 capitulos including regulations for distribution of weapons, defensive measures to be taken, treatment and punishment of Indians, care of horses and cattle, food supplies and rations, relations with missionaries and Gentiles, punishments for contraband and illicit sexual relations with Indians. (J. M. Johnson, July 1989)

Very useful analysis of conditions of Nueva California with details as to funds and costs to be incurred by military and include - economic benefits and improvements in cattle raising, improvements in agriculture techniques and crops grown. Role of missionaries and changes due to and since Jesuit expulsion. Provisions to be supplied to Indians, settlers, military and missionaries; militia formation; housing and choosing community leaders; required annual inspection of establishments; work habits, recreation and rewards to combat idleness. Salt supply and transportation. Appeal to be made to viceroy to enforce law should clergy refuse to oppose regulations. Relocation of include - establishment of towns, workshops, mills with suggestions on where to locate, what to produce, what to teach Indians. Military service for residents of Nueva California. Use of whale sperm and fat. Shipbuilding. Development and taxes. Investments and profits. Accounting procedures for agriculturalists and religious. Military, religious, Naval salaries. Better communication needed for cooperative trade between two Californias. Importance of further exploration of coast. (J. M. Johnson, may 1989)

Correspondence sent to Barri for arbitration by viceroy. Details provide description, dimensions and possible origin of gold piece, how and where found. Priest asks it be given as gift to missions. Areche determines that it belongs ultimately to real hacienda based on recopilacion de Leyes. Bucareli gives 1/4 of its value to reward Indian who found it. (J. M. Johnson, may 1989)