Indians (Relations)

Mention of search for missionary for Bacoachi Apaches; still funding problem. Escalante has store of corn, wheat seed he plans to ration weekly to Apaches, but grain has weevils (gorgojo la palomilla), other insects in it; longer he stores it, more is wasted by pests, mildew. Problems distributing grain. Letter relating services Escalante has performed in management of Bacoachi Apaches; all duties as comisionado described in detail. Echeagaray, others certify that Escalante speaks Apache, is honest, well-qualified. (A. Dean, may, 1989)

Minutas de cartas from virrey to Corbalan in response to 100,000 pesos sent to Nueva Vizcaya for military expedition; ordering Corbalan to remit informe immediately concerning state gold asap; virrey acknowledges receipt of Corbalan's at Zapote, Aduana; index of Corbalan's letters received by viceregal office, mentions clandestine extractions of silver virrey orders that royal tribute exacted from Indians not be establishment of new real Caja at Rosario; virrey discusses manner of exacting tribute from Indians; index of letters from Corbalan to virrey; virrey awaits arrival of Buelna with 4 large gold nuggets; ordering Corbalan to send Sastre gunbelts, cartridge boxes; virrey sends Corbalan providencias agreed upon by real junta. (J. H. Ochs, February1988)

Rough drafts of letters from virrey to Corbalan in response to jurisdicciones of Fuerte, Sinaloa, Culiacan; virrey curtly asks for details of funds retained in Sonora for rescate de oro; state of Indians; Corbalan ordered to make visita of reales Sinaloa; virrey acknowledges receipt of financial account of expedition of Sonora; reply concerning Corbalan's proposal to establish new real Caja at Rosario; virrey acknowledges receipt state of Placeres at Cieneguilla, Zapote, la Aduana; receipt claim that he is unable to find anyone to whom he can entrust 140,000 pesos destined for Cieneguilla for rescate de oro; virrey requests detailed informe of state of reales; virrey Cieneguilla. (J. H. Ochs, February 1988)

Orders and documents from Castilla y Theran regarding various Coahuila matters including his own merits and Indian relations. Reason for Castilla y Theran's biography to be included not mentioned. Apparently when the king named marques de Zesma was named interim governor. Most of these documents deal with Indian matters. Mention is made on ff. 120 of a decision to wage a military campaign against indios enemigos who is was said were committing many inhumane cruelties in Chihuahua. Cuellar was to lead the campaign. Reference was made to an Indian attack on some Vaqueros at San Pablo ranch; after they had corralled some 400 horses, they were set upon by some 50 Indians. Two vauqeros and an Indian were killed. A few other such confrontations are mentioned. (S. Langmack, July 1990)

Concerns relations with the Lipanes, Apaches, and other Indian tribes; mentions military conflicts with the Apaches. In particular, the Indian texa, as he is continually referred to, apparently killed a Lipan named Joseph el Coxo in the Plaza of the Valle of Santa Rosa and was caught; thus, many of the documents relate to that incident. (J. Hiller, 1989)

Correspondence with Roque de Medina regarding Provincia de Coahuila. Informes include report from Lipan of fighting between Lipanes and Comanches (total of 300 Indians) in Rio de San Diego. Roque de Medina expresses fear of providing Lipanes with gunpowder and cannons. Lipanes have great fear of Comanches. Request made of Texas gobernador to furnish Monclova with necessary supplies and ammunition to aid Lipanes. Cannons taken from Adaes to fortify Monclova. Report of Apache March to Santa Rosa to cause damage for unknown motive. Talk that Lipanes should be treated with much love so they become rooted in Christian faith. Continual praise of Lipan faithfulness and aid provided in hostile situations. Inspection of presidio Sacramento and its state of fortification and defense. Establishment of presidio Babia and its need of shotguns met by warehouses of San Luis Potosi. Martinez Pacheco presents information regarding relations with Mescaleros and Peyotes. (J. Hiller, July 1989)

Addresses issue of how to deal with officials who are 'viciosos y inutiles'; includes brief descriptions of vices and manners in which individuals considered useless; Castro, author of diatribe, urges their immediate 'separacion o Retiro' from military, offers brief service records of viable replacements; particular attention paid to fate of Alferez from Bejar, 'un ebrio incorregible,' who left presidio to live and drink among Tahuacanes; virrey orders Alferez brought to him under pretext of new post assignment; final outcome not included in documents. (L. Kerr, February 1989)

Correspondence concerning 'real cedula' mandating that certain 'limosnas' to be used for 'redencion de cautivos'; strong box built to enforce order; cites importance of decree to saving of Indians who live in 'esclavitud de los Enemigos de la religion'; 'real cedula' suspended 9-8-87; 1791, virrey requests information on state of 'fondo de limosnas', 'cuentas' of amounts collected and invested submitted, per request. (L. Kerr, February 1989)

Correspondence concerns relocation from Chihuahua to Mexico of 77 Apaches, mostly women and children, taken as prisoners of war; 2 children die at start of journey, one woman gravely ill, left in Chihuahua; Cadete in charge of 'collera de prisoneros' compensated for expenses from 'fondos de gratificacion' of presidios and companies involved in move; correspondence between Cadete and officials in towns, presidios at which 'Collera' to arrive, concerning accommodations, special attention paid to Young childrem, nursing mothers, men to remain at jail, responsibility for costs incurred discussed; Cadete's 'Cuenta' of expenses, including number, cost, of mules used each day of journey, itemized account of rations; mention of 15 Apaches missing from 'Collera', 1-9-89; expenses overrun available funds, Cadete's inheritance from dead Father encumbered. (L. Kerr, February 1989)

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