Gifts (Gratifications)

Accounts of costs of gifts (money, Tabaco, corn, metal crosses, etc.) Given to Indians as peace offerings; costs of maintenance of prisoners of war. Mentions Tamaulipe pow's. (A. Dean, July 1989)

List of all Apaches in reduccion at Bacoachi, amount of corn, wheat, Panocha, cigars rationed to each. List is repeated for each week in 1791, mostly chronologically, occasionally copies included. Mentions additions, deaths in Apache populus. Because this is basically the same document repeated 52 times, I've grouped it as one. (A. Dean, may 1989)

Detailed response to Castro's criticism of peace with Apaches Lipanes. Cautions Castro for insubordinate, self- indulgent, insulting tone, content of letter. Suggests Castro's interpretation of his, others' orders distorted, simplistic. Extermination of Lipanes militarily-financially impossible, morally deplorable. Indian attacks now decreased in number, severity. Long discussion of Lombrano's flight from Santa Rosa, seen as reasonable given cruelty of unprovoked attacks on Lipanes at Bexar, Santa Rosa by troops under Pacheco, Ugalde. Peace with southern Lipanes is rational, necessary. Discusses causes, effects of Indian unrest in Coahuila, Nueva Mexico, Nueva Vizcaya, Sonora noting Mescalero wars began due to murders by ranchers. Soquina, Soxaes charges against Munoz unsubstantiated, said can be reconciled to peace with Lipanes given proper inducements. Nava will conduct negotiations in his command, if Castro unable, unwilling to do same he will be retired and another appointed who is willing to do so. (J. Higgins, April 1989)

Expediente, consisting of an informe written by Concha and Troncoso for Ugarte concerning peaceful relations with Indians of Comanches; detailed description of commercial interaction between Comanches and Spaniards; isolated incidents of horse raiding by Young Comanches and Parauanarimuco's actions to correct the crime; joint military expeditions against Apaches; relations between Spaniards and Yupes and Yamparicas; horse raiding between Yutas and Comanches, and Spanish role as mediators in dispute; raids against Pueblo groups by Yutas; leader of Yuta raids named Muchi and efforts of Yutas to bring Muchi to justice; relations between Spaniards and Navajos; conditions of release of Antonio el Pinto from Spanish captivity total breakdown of relations between Navajos and Apaches; reception of a Panana Indian sent to learn of Spanish customs and culture. Second part of informe is a journal of Troncoso's securing Antonio's release; visits to Navajo territory under Concha's orders to observe Navajos and assess their peaceful status; gifts of clothing and tobacco exchanged between Troncoso and Navajos; friendly attitude of Navajos; description of Navajo house structure; description of Navajo foods; discussions between Carlos, Antonio, and Troncoso of treaty between Spaniards and Navajos; commerce between Navajos and Spaniards; relations between Navajos and Apaches; discussion of religious beliefs between Troncoso and Navajos; description of Navajo clothing and ornaments. Ff. 244-249 is a Series of oficios from Concha to Ugarte concerning release of Antonio and conditions thereof, accompanied by orders from Ugarte in response to Concha's letters. (W. Copas, may 1988)

Expediente, accompanied by several cover sheets, containing letters to and from Ugarte concerning funds for maintaining peace with Comanches, Yutas, and Navajos and for use in fighting various Apache groups. Mention of 6000 pesos reserved annually for use of governor of Nueva Mexico for these purposes. Other horses, mules, carbines, medals, ammunition, cloth, glass beads, steel knives, etc.; salaries of Indian leaders; arms to be given to Comanches; weapons obtained by Indians from Luisiana; orders from Ugarte to Beregana regarding remission of funds from Chihuahua to Anza; orders from Ugarte to Anza regarding receipt and use of funds; medals to be awarded to various Indian leaders includes Anza's response to Ugarte's orders and acknowledgement of receipt of annual funds for 1787. Additional responses from Anza's successor (Concha) concerning Anza's overspending and asking for an additional 2000 pesos to cover excess. Mention of campaigns against Apaches. Ff. 159v-162 is a detailed account of goods purchased for Indians in tabular form. Also includes order from Ugarte to Diaz de Hortega concerning Anza's overexpenditure and measures to correct this. Orders to Concha and Abilitado at Santa Fe regarding same situation. Response from Beregana to Ugarte acknowledging orders and reporting compliance. Also includes report from Ugarte to Florez of situation. Letter from marques de Sonora to the comandante-general informing him of king's approval of steps taken. Auto from Beregana relating activities of royal treasury at Chihuahua. Ff. 0173-0192 is and informe giving detailed account of uses of money and the situation in Nueva Mexico from Ugarte to Florez. (W. Copas, may 1988)