Indians (Religion-Native)

Urdinola describes expedition against xixime Indians, who were raiding Spanish settlements, pacified acaxee pueblos in area around Durango. Expedition began in October after rains and was composed of 150 vecinos and soldiers from San Hipolito, San Andres, Chiametla presidios, 1100 Indian auxiliaries, and 2 Jesuits, who remained with pacified Xiximes. Expedition cost more than 80,000 pesos, so to save money, Urdinola disbanded presidio San Andres, composed of capitan 6 soldiers at cost of 3300 pesos/year. Presence of silver veins noted. Urdinola also includes his relacion de la tierra de los Xiximes y de los Yndios ritos y cerimonias que usan, a brief ethnography noting architecture, population (1720), agriculture (maize, beans, squash, batatas o camo- (perhaps camote), cotton), wild food gathering (mescal, Tuna rica) Capote, goyava, textile arts, dress, agriculture (gallinas de Castilla, muchos Pajaros que llamamos goacamayas), and ceremonies, including ritual cannibalism and ceremony involving a virgin placed in a cave while men go to war. Excellent document. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Geographic information- boundary landmarks, latitude-longitude coordinates, altitude. Describes- vegetation, water and Mineral resources, plant and animal resources. Ethnographic data (mostly on the Asinaic)- crops and other plant utilization, habitations, material culture, burial practices, use of Peyote, cohesiveness of the nation, domesticated animals. Mentions plagues. Makes recommendations for the location of presidios. (R. Perez) (1977)

Additions to a census of the mission that he sent previously. Cites the number of deaths in Texas from an epidemic. Describes a non-christian burial ceremony, and other religious activities (their god, who is called in their language conenese...). (R. Perez) (1977)

(R. Davis) (1980)

(R. Davis) (1980)

(thoric cederstrom) (1980)

(thoric cederstrom) (1980)

(D. Coates) (1980)

(R. Davis) (1980)

Contains ethnographic information- describes 'hatoles'; tlatoleros defined as heretical preachers. comment when offered baptism- i am a man; I will not die. mentions plague at the mission San Joaquin y Santa Ana. (R. Perez) (1977)