Crimes (Murder)

Concerns captain Murgier defending himself from charges that he sent to execute Indians in public. Munoz accuses Murgier of killing Indians who were at peace with Spaniards in cold blood. Murgier provides his military service history in service to the crown. Murgier claims that Indians were escaping and their heads were brought to him just to prove that Indians did not escape. Puga provides his military service record (charts). (M. Marroquin, March 1989)

Series of documents dealing with refund to Murgier; prosecution of Puga and Murgier for killing Indians in cold blood; judges chosen for military court; sentencing of Puga and Murgier; Series of testimonies from soldiers implicating Puga for the killing of five Indians in cold blood; defense is made arguing that testimonies are a total fabrication from witnesses against defendants; Perez and Olazaran are punished for abuses of authority; allegation that Munoz disliked the defendants so he went ahead and prosecuted them; documents speaking of corruption of government officials; defendors Argue that prosecutors don't count good things Murgier did for provinces and Indians pacification; defense of Puga made against allegations that he killed Indians by his own choice and not under orders of Murgier (M. Marroquin, March 1989)

Concerns Indians addressing the viceroy so they can be released from formal prosecution against them. Murgier jailed Indians for no reason. Series of testimonies provided on accusations against military official. Teniente Puga is defended by his lawyer arguing his client was only following military orders. Allusions made about Indians being killed in cold blood by Puga. Military service records of both Murgier and Puga provided. (M. Marroquin, March 1989)

Concerns Series of documents about prosecution of Puga and Murgier accused of Murdering Indians who were at peace with Spaniards. Jurors for courts are appointed and selected among military officials. Transference of Indian prisoners from Croix to Aguayo (M. Marroquin, March 1989)

Documents mention meeting called to discuss 23 years of Indian depredations in Chihuahua -- specifically, last 4 years of Apache murders, thefts, cruelties. Detailed account of Apache depredations (herd theft and killing, horse and Mule theft, murder of soldiers, attacks on Mule trains, tobacco and clothing theft) included from land and mine owners and merchants. Includes peso estimates of material losses and prose tabulation of dead and wounded. Mentions difficulty of fighting mounted Indians who wield guns and Shields and who have high endurance (notes Indian ability to run night and day sustained by trail food Pinole). Includes lengthy discussion of timing and quantity of military salaries throughout New Spain. (S. Gibbs, September 1989)

Series of documents concerning confessions from Garcia accused of giving false testimony. Indians Tarahumaras complain of the mistreatment the men and women are receiving from the Alcalde of Santa Eulalia. The complaint is sent to Oconor. Oconor requests instructions from virrey on what to do with Tarahumara captives if they are released from jail. Oconor fears a rebellion from Tarahumaras. Several letters from Queipo de Llano and Robles for Oconor dealing with the behavior of the Indians. Autos concerning a trial against the Indian Andres accused of several murders and of being in secret communication with Apaches. (D. Bautista, September 1990)

Concerns Series of documents on political jurisdiction and organization of the Ten Provincias Internas de oriente y occidente. Comandantes for each of them are appointed. Governors of the provinces of oriente and Occidente are appointed. Garcia conde is appointed governor of Durango. Bonavia is appointed governor of provincias de Occidente. Herrera is appointed gobernador comandante of provincias de oriente. Report of the occupation of province of Texas by rebel leader Bernardo Gutierrez, who is aided by rebels from the estados Unidos del norte, governor Salcedo is killed as a result of occupation. (this document contains important information on cooperation between rebels from the two sides of the northern Mexican border, in fights against Mexican Colonial authorities). (M. Marroquin, may 1989)

Extracts from Loyola's general report Mar-December 1788 including military reports from subordinates in New Mexico, N. Vizcaya, Sonora. Includes campaign diary of Romero and Echeagaray in Sonora (mar-apr). Mentions Opatas inclusion in military force. from Bavispe. Table summarizes battle statistics by region and Indian group. Campaign diary of Elquezabal jun-July 1788 near Norte. Table shows organization of force into companies, lists officers and company size. Drought forces dispersal of troops, ends campaign. Loyola documents movement of Sonoran troops in mountains Sacramento and San Francisco, relates Apache Gileno and Taraumara thefts, murders, attacks, Mule train assaults. Encloses copy Martinez' report from Chihuahua, details Spanish attacks, prisoner taking, beast confiscation from Indians. Brief mention of lesson learned from Chiricagui campaign of mentions plan to join forces with Echeagaray to make mountain campaign. Ugarte y Loyola also reports impossibility of stopping attacks, because Indians attack small defenseless parties (eg woodcutters) elaborates on Indian murders, beast killings, thefts by Apaches Mescaleros in Nueva Vizcaya, summarizes Indian damages by province, Indian group, type of depredation and number hurt. Submits report of Ortega's October 1788 campaign in Sierra Escondida against Apaches. Details tracking and persecution, Spanish custom of decapitating enemy corpses for trophy heads. Relates depredations in San Juan Baptista del Rio, reports use of companias volantes against Apaches Mescaleros. Remarks that because Ugalde's eastern campaign is tying up so many troops, western campaign is forced to make smaller forays. Ugarte y Loyola augments force at Pueblo del Gallo, mentions Taraumara hostilities in Cianori. Martinez report from Sacramento mountains outlines force organization in table, gives daily report, detailing route taken and tracking activities, names officers, tallies weight of supplies carried by each company, mentions use of Opatas in force, notes custom of turning in Indian ears as battle trophies, laments paucity of pasture and water due to drought. Includes table of wounded and sick. Medina reports Indian attacks on sheperds near Mapimi (August 1788). Latter folios concern Echeagaray's forays with presidial troops from Santa Cruz against Apaches, Gilenos, Mimbrenos, and yutaquenos. Mentions Mescal as sustenance, and use of Apache and Opata auxiliaries. Details route taken, use of women (Indian ?) As guides. Tables summarize battle statistics and list Apache inhabitants of Bacoachic. (S. Gibbs, March 1988)

Ugarte y Loyola submits month by month report to virrey of Indian depredations and military counterattacks in Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Mexico, Sonora (jan-April 1788). Detailed, extensive report of Spanish - Indian relations & of intertribal relations. Reports general decline in number and severity of hostilities; notes that Apaches Gilenos and Taraumares are groups responsible for robberies and murders that do occur. Reports Apache murders and attacks and Taraumara equipment and food thefts. Relates how ranch Owner, upon killing an Apache in self defense, presents Head to captain. Mentions use of Opatas for tracking in presidial forces of Nueva Vizcaya. Describes Rengel's New Mexico force as composed of presidial troops, vecinos, Indians Xicarillas and Comanches. Relates Rengel's anti-Apache campaign in New Mexico, tallies Spanish murders of Indians, confiscations of property, taking of captives. Details Marrujo's massacres with 2nd compania volante. Reports joining of 2nd compania volante with presidial troops of Janos and San Buenaventura under Cordero to attack Gilenos in Sierra San Miguel. Mentions winter rain and snow as hindrance to winter campaign in mountains. Concludes with table of casualties and robberies by Indian group and province. (S. Gibbs, March 1988)

Documents include campaign diaries of Echeagaray, Cordero, and Bergara, jan-Mar 1788. Echeagaray reports offensives against Apaches and Gilenos Orientales, detailing skirmishes. Includes table of forces by location number of people per rank. Cordero reports movements of first division in Nueva Vizcaya. Detailed account of hostile relations with Ojos Colorados. Reports attacks and maneuvers in mountains and tracking activities. expresses concern for population's being exposed to danger due to war. Describes foray in which Indian woman fought with men. Lists military expenses. Bergara reports campaign in Nueva Vizcaya. Force includes Apache Chiricaguis. Lists officers involved and describes Apache practice of cutting ears off corpses to prove death. Virrey repsonds favorably, commends Echeagaray and Cordero, promises to recommend them to the king. (S. Gibbs, March 1988)