Carmelites

Letter from Borica to Revillagigedo describing his trip through missions in Alta California while taking possession of his post as governor, good situation of Indians, gentleness of treatment and easy work. Letter describing agricultural achievments in los Angeles and San Jose as well as the soap factory in Santa Barbara and the mills in San Luis and Santa Cruz, a better road from Santa Clara to Santa Cruz has been laid as well as one from San Luis to Purisima avoiding the area of Buchon. Letter concerning plans to build a new presidio in San Francisco, explanations of urgency to do so due to lack of water and bad strategic position of the old one. Letter from real tribunal summarizing San Francisco's history and supporting Boricas petition to move the factory and the mission to a new location. Recommendation to deal with more urgent problems like finding buyers for produce of the area, and staying in old factory in San Francisco for the time being. Letters from real consejo recommend building a convent of San Fernardo order, which will provide monetary gain, this is compared with the creation of new missions on Colorado. (T. Kahana, August 1989)

Continuation of inventory of contents found in security boxes relating to missions and hacienda of Arroyo Zarco. Main contents and careful detail of individual types of documents including correspondence, paid and outstanding debts, credits, wills and dowries of grants to individuals and missions, hacienda finances, colegio establishment and finances, lawsuits and depositions against individuals, land grants and inheritance, state of missions by the procurador general de missions, pending lawsuits at time of document writing. (J. M. Johnson, April 1990)

Summary of testimonies about Escandon's record in completing orders to pacify and reduce Indians and settle Nuevo Santander by officers and settlers and their charges against him. Funds spent, mistreatment of Indians, assassination of 5 capitans, use of Indians to work Escandon's land, build his Palace, and increase his wealth. Real cedula ordering pacification of Nuevo Santander delayed in its completion. Activities of Escandon include use of military funds, Indians reduction, founding of 14 settlements with population count of number and families and troops in each (f.8); plus 6 more settlements founded which were not in original budget of 115,000p. Complaint of not achieving increased agricultural production in spite of having fertile land, water; availability of minerals and salt. History of Escandon's earlier military record, reopening of missions. Problems resulting from drought. Espenses of military salaries and sinodos to missionaries. Annual costs in pacification process. Cost of settling 15 families from canary islands in Texas (ff.17). Organization of troops and distribution among settlements; distribution of lands. Difficulty of defending property under Indian hostilities. Complaint that Escandon's soldiers instead of gathering Indians together killed them inhumanely when they asked for peace. Murder by capitan trasieria and soldiers of slave and silversmith not punished or investigated by Escandon; Escandon named capitans and paid them salaries of 500p. (ff.33). Alvares' attempts at populating Rio Verde, movement of people, costs, problems with hostile Indians, mosquito plague (ff.56) order not to let Laredo capitan admit Apaches even though they offered peace (ff.57). Escandon prohibited commerce; payed soldiers in goods. Mining of silver without paying royal fifth (ff.63). Escandon has made few or no reducciones since 1746. List of 9 places on coast where Escandon says he has reduced total of 1,258 Indians and gives names of ethnic groups and number baptised in each location (ff.64). Service record of Escandon since he began service in Yucatan, distinguished service in Sierra Gorda as sargento mayor, teniente until 1746 (ff.68). Provides total inventory of livestock in 20 settlements. Movement of Escandon (Villa), Reynosa, and Burgos settlers to new Parajes (nuezes, Tetillas, Encinos). Molina reinstated as capitan; Barbara Resendi's complaints against Escandon (ff.83)(ff125). Charges against fray Garcia as being hipocrite receiving double salary (ff.91) description of reason for failure of mission for Cocos in San Saba due to murder of missionaries (ff.112). Apaches do not want to be reduced, only want peace and commerce with Spanish (ff.113). Even when they offer peace, Escandon gives them motives to be insolent. Murder at Rancheria of smallpox infected and other Indians by capitan went unpunished (ff.120). Massacre of Janambres on road to Horcasitas (ff 121). Paz not punished for murder of Indians (ff.122). Guevarra's murder of reduced Indians of mission of Santander unpunished. Cordova's mistreatment of Indians in Rio Frio (ff.124). Use of Indians Sihui, janambre as work force, Indian death due to hard labor (ff.125). Attempt to reduce Pames threatening to drive them to the coast. Indians paid 4p month plus rations for corn growing and also grew their own crops (ff.131). Escandon allowed people exemption from debts in order to populate settlements. Escandon's appointing as capitans convicted murder. Escandon refused to release Sanches Borriego who was involved in riot of Coahuila to Serma. Two destructions of Pizones' church in Santa Rossa and Taumave missions. Taking of Indian lands to give to Carmelita priests for 10 years. No payment of Diezmos for farmland; Diezmos payments of hollas, Mier, and Revilla. Escandon nor captain Vasques Borrego payed Diezmos for their large cattle haciendas. Gives cost of campaign against Indians of north and Apaches who attacked Taguacanas. Defense of Escandon's choice of capitans and families to populate settlement in that it is difficult to find cultivated people like those from the capital--they must come from the provinces. Description of Tanambre November 1754 destruction of mission Ruvoroso near Escandon; only 4 escaped including missionary. Complaint of Tanambres robbing, Murdering. Escandon captured tamambre rebles and sent them to Querataro prison. Tamambres and Tonases sent to Querataro as labors, servants and for convents. Marcos Molino's case in which he worked for Hidalgo for 15 years without payment. (ff.163) use of hard labor as punishment as well as death sentence. (L. L. Woodward, November 1988)

Report on poor state of wooden bridges in area of osolotepeque across two rivers. Will benefit haciendas, owners to contribute to expenses for construction of stone bridge. List of hacienda owners and lessees with quotas due for each. Indians to do labor; punishment for those refusing. (J. M. Johnson, December 1988)

Writings which deal with haciendas of Guapango and Arroyo Sarco, in jurisdiction of Jilotepeque. Haciendas were auctioned publicly and acquired by marques de Villapuente for Jesuit missions of California on behalf of collegio de Santa Ana of the order of the Carmelitas Descalzos.

Report on the number of Franciscans in province de Mexico by parish. same for Carmelites, Augustinians, S.J. And their students in province of Mexico. Also, a listing of the priests (nearly 160) and students of the Frayles descallos in the province of S. Diego. (J. Grusin) (1975)