Indians (Labor)

Roger Davis, 11-16-82

Jesuit defense against charges by presidial captains that they accumulated great Sotres grain/livestock, engaged in lucrative trade, built palaces, lived in luxury. Jesuit attack on presidial captains for abusing Indian labor, cheating own soldiers, failing to perform military duties, showing disrespect for missionaries/religion. High praise for captains Hurdaide, Borgansa Quesada. Condemnation present captain. Account civil/religious conflict Sinaloa-Sonora. Brief description agriculture, barter/exchange rates, Jesuit livestock industry, Jesuit commerce with Parral, wild food gathering (acorns, chestnuts, Quelites), Mescal making, mission architecture, settlement patterns, Indian depopulation at hands of Spaniards, Indian migration to mines/ranches outside province. Defense corporal punishment Indians. Religious/economic reasons for reduction program. Description Jesuit generosity to Indians/Spaniards during famines. Reasons why Indians should support missionaries without monetary payment. Description sad state presidial forces-untrained, cheated by captains. Abuses Sinaloa judicial system. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Viceroy marques de Balero discusses problems of- 1) repartimiento of Indians to work in Chihuahua mines; 2) need to pardon, grant land to Cocoyome prisoners who want to settle down, 3) need to reduce rest of Cocoyomes, most intrepid nation in area to serve as examples to other Indian groups; 4) financial affairs efectos de Paz y guerra. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Rezabal orders Valdes to take 20 soldiers from Sinaloa presidio and investigate, punish Seris, Lower Pimas responsible for scattered murders, robberies, livestock thefts. Additional documents concerning unrest, including wounding of Pima in Nacameri, 0309b-0360a. Mention Yaqui work in mines. Discusses Seri reduccion, resettlement along Rio San Miguel. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Very thorough visita of the region of San Francisco de Cuellar by the governor. Excellent census and economic information. Visita included haciendas de labor, haciendas de Sacar Plata, minas y tiendas. (T. Barnes) (1976)

A general visita by the governor to the Valley of San Bartolome. Most of the inspection concerns haciendas, with the governor inspecting the conditions of laborers, the financial status of the hacienda. (T. Barnes) (1976)

Order form the viceroy on abuse of Indians in Sonora by landowners, miners and government officials. Re-states regulations on Indian labor and wages and land use for stock- raising adjacent to Indian lands. Also reprimands government officials in Sonora for taking matters into their own hands which belonged in the jurisdiction of the governor of Nueva Viscaya. (T. Barnes) (1976)

A list of all vecinos with their weapons and horses in all of the towns listed here. Indian auxilaries are given sometimes. This is done to provide the governor with information to aid him in planning his defense against Indians, as there are too few soldiers to go around. Included are at least 500 names. (T. Barnes) (1976)

Indians of the Valley of San Bartolome are ordered sent to towns and new missions at the juncture of the Concho River and the River of the north. This is contested by the land and mine owners of San Bartolome. Good history and social- organizational information presented by land and mine owners, by Indians, by Franciscan priests and by the governor. (T. Barnes) (1976)

Concerns Indian Pueblo of miners named Concepcion which grew up on lands of hacienda de beneficio de Plata of the same name. Indians given land for fields, material for houses by hacienda Owner. now another mine Owner trying to get Indians to work in his reduction works. Includes Indian testimony. Bitter competition for Indian labor. 25-30 Indians involved. (T. Sheridan) (1976)