Civil-Religious Relations

(R. Davis) (1979)

Royal cedula outlawing foreign religious officials into Spanish domain and replies of compliance by presidio captains and governor. (R. Davis) (1979)

Cedula praises religious orders and clergy teachings of loyalty to crown and government and its continuation. (R. Davis) (1979)

Examines the report sent by escandor and offers steps to be taken as a result. Among points discussed in original Escandon report are- 1) resettlement of town of Camargo to a different and better location. 2) number of people, livestock, seed, etc. In Reynosa, Burgos, San Fernando, Mier, Revilla and Dolores. 3) support of priests by Indian contributions of corn. 4) incoming settlers to increase Spanish population. 5) reduction of Pame Indians, and those in Santander. 6) lack of priests. Report is received well, suggestions are made to further conquest. (M. Bowman) (1979)

Fathers and Indians are Charged with monopolizing land. This has resulted in the bad state in which the village finds itself. Plaintiffs feel that much of land is superfluous to needs of priests and Indians. (M. Bowman) (1979)

The citizens of San Juan Bauptista petition the viceroy to allow them to use stray livestock from the missionaries herd. Missionaries have not let them do so thus far. They cite the abundance of the missionaries stock and the citizens need of the cattle. The viceroy agred, issuing orders to that effect. (M. Bowman) (1979)

(R. Graham) (1980)

Lengthy discussion of Yaqui revolt, mistreatment of Indians by Spaniards, mission policy (9/4/1741). Letter to Oviedo concerns Yaqui unrest (8/14/1739). (T. Sheridan) (1977)

First letter (7/14/1741) a lengthy diatribe concerning Yaqui revolt, including- 1) perfidy/imprisonment of 2 Yaqui leaders of rebellion, Muni and Bernabe, from Rahum, Huirivis, at Buenavista presidio; use of Peyote by Yaqui hechiceros; severe criticism of Huidobro; execution of Muni, Bernabe at Buenavista June 23, 1741; rebellion led by Juan Calixto Ayamea, also from Rahum; peace prevailing presently at Garcia's own Pueblo of Torim. Eloquent presentation of Spanish view of rebellion. Second letter (4/30/1742) describes campaign of teniente Canas, 12 soldiers against rebel group of Mayos, Yaquis and Pimas led by Siboli in which Canas, another soldier died; ultimate destruction of Siboli's band, more criticism of Huidobro for his arbitrary dispensation of justice; praises sizeable number of Yaquis who remained faithful to Spaniards, blames Huidobro for rise of los Munis, los Bernabes, los Calixtos. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

King notes Leon's expedition to Bahia de Espiritu Santo in search of French, and his reports of numerous gentile Indians in area, especially Texas Indians, who could easily be converted. Texas Indians described as algo politicos y de usso Mas racional y tratable que los demas. instructs bishop to establish 5 or 6 missions in area to convert Indians, secure area against French. States that 6 missionaries accompanied Leon on his second entrada. King not too impressed with Franciscan missionary efforts in Coaguila. (T. Sheridan) (1977)