Indians (Population)

Good document. Day by day account of an average campaign against the enemigos. O'Conor's boys chase the Sumas in N.W. Chihuahua. Fighting captives caciques, shipment of goods, troop strength and numbers of Indians. (T.n.) (1975)

Discusses missionization Chinipas by fr. Juan Castini, 1621, desire Guazapares for missionaries as well. Notes successful attempts Castini to secure peace between the two groups, previously enemies. Estimates 21,000 baptisms Rio Mayo, 30,000 Rio Yaqui, 9000 Rio Nebome. Describes Mayos as must docile Indians Sinaloa. Notes recent missionization Conicaris. Gives geographical location, population figures Hios (Warihios)- 17 pueblos, 9 with 500-600 inhabitants, the rest with 200. Notes Huvagures, Teguisos beyond Hios. States Baciroas, Tehatas reduced to Conicari Pueblo, Tepague. Notes Topichis requests for missionization. 11 Yaqui pueblos then, Torim the largest. says Yaquis engaged in continuous wars with neighbors, civil wars, robberies, murders among themselves. Mentions Yaqui resistance to baptism, drunkenness, superstition, polygamy, practice of marrying Mother, daughter, sisters, transhumance. Describes conference of Yaqui sorcerers (hechiceros) in Torim who attempted to disprove missionaries, teachings, saying after death, souls went underground, not to heaven, where they practiced all types of vices and have a very happy life. Apparently, missionary converted them, however. Mentions plans for Yaqui revolt 1620, murder Hurdaide, missionaries, never carried out. Notes missionization Nebomes, who sent 11 children to Villa De Sinaloa to learn how to read/write. Requests Aibinos, Mobas, Nures for missionaries. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

Folders 1 and 2 contain English translation of triunfas (not precised here.) Folder 1 also contains historia de Cinaloa, which summarizes religious and military activity from 1591 to 1620. Includes much ethnographic data, population statistics, geographic description. (R. Perez) (1977)

2 unfavorable letters concerning new missions of San Xavier. First (7/20/1749) notes murder of 2 soldiers, theft of horseherd at hands of Apaches. States that River either floods everyone out or dries up. Claims that despite holy zeal of missionaries, Indians didn't want to work or sow fields, but instead pursue trade between French and Spanish, moving on to Adaes, finds many buildings in ruins, not repaired because of lack of people. In second letter (8/10/1749), points out lack of land, water, Indians in San Xavier area. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Capitan Orobio y Bastherra informs virrey of request by Horcoquiza Indians to be reduced, missionized. States Horcoquizas consist of 5 pueblos, o rancherias, totaling 300 families. Notes their location along Rios Trinidad, Naeches, Sabinas. States these Indians trade on annual Basis with French. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Review of colonization, missionization of Provincia de Texas from time of Alonso de Leon to 1716. Texas, Caodaches Indians described as mas politica in province, sowing many crops. Population of area estimated to be un million. Indian groups between Coahuila and the land of Texas Indians listed (See 201). Texas Indians belief in afterlife briefly described. Missionaries claimes that early soldiers set bad example for Texas Indians, mistreating them and stealing their women. Franciscan missionary efforts delineated. Texas disatisfaction with Spaniards, abandonment of missions in 1693 noted. French trade with Indians mentioned. Texas Indians had 11 pueblos, chocta (choctaw) Indians outside of Movila had 32, Nache Indians had 11. Flora, fauna, agriculture of eastern Texas described, where Indians caultibando la tierra con las quixadas de los benados. Indians live in wooden houses, sleep on raised beds and farm en Comun. Indian enemies of Texas- Apaches, Yojuanes, Cubipanes, Canas- noted. Absence of pulgue, otras bebidas, but presnece of Peyote among Texas Indians mentioned. Province continually described as very fertile. Indian use of wild fruits, walnuts, acorns noted. Lead mines near Texas Indians mentioned. Force of 60 soldiers needed for conquest, colonization of Texas, to be gathered from other presidios of Nueva Vizcaya. Apparently, fiscal doesn't think much of idea. Excellent summary of early Texas history, including Leon, Ramon entradas. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Documents concerning Ramon's entrada into Provincia de Texas to establish missions among Texas Indians. Included are both Ramon's diario and Franciscans' diario of expedition. Indians groups, agricultural products, geography, Flora, fauna of province noted. Numerous buffalo hunts mentioned. Ramon and Franciscans also both write informes to virrey concerning reasons for establishment of missions. Indian enemies as well as allies of Texas Indians mentioned. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

San Denis authorized by French authorities in Louisiana to travel to Texas to buy livestock (9/12/1713). He and 24 French canadians go from Louisiana to presidio del Norte. Capitan Ramon sends Frenchmen to Mexico City. Spaniards take San Denis' declaracion of his journey, noting his encounters with various Indian groups, especially Texas Indians (6/6/1715). Fiscal (8/15/1715) informs virrey of situation, implying that San Denis is French Spy. Junta de guerra (8/22/1715) discusses French threat and recommends reestablishment of missions among Texas Indians. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Teran's diario of his entrada from Coahuila presidio into Provincia de Texas, noting geography, Flora, fauna, Indian groups he encountered. Mentions Indian gobernador named Bernardino, apparently Texas Indian in rebellion against Spaniards. Notes trouble, delay caused by storms, rain, snow. Discusses visit to Cadodacha Indians, led by official called a cadi. Return trip by fragata down Gulf of Mexico coast to Veracruz. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Elizondo entrada into province of Coahuila to Rio de las Sabinas 60 leagues north of Saltillo. Encounters various Indian groups, including some suffering from viruelas (small pox), called by names of their capitanes (See 022). Indians apparently sick, hungry, petitioning for reduccion. Describes poverty of country, noting that Indians don't know how to farm, and subsist only on raises y frutas de su tierra. Grants Indians lands along Rio de los Sabinas, advises that no Spaniards be allowed into area because of horror gran Indians have of them, nor should Spaniards be allowed to pass thru to hunt buffalo. (T. Sheridan) (1977)