Civil-Religious Relations

Jesuit defense against charges by presidial captains that they accumulated great Sotres grain/livestock, engaged in lucrative trade, built palaces, lived in luxury. Jesuit attack on presidial captains for abusing Indian labor, cheating own soldiers, failing to perform military duties, showing disrespect for missionaries/religion. High praise for captains Hurdaide, Borgansa Quesada. Condemnation present captain. Account civil/religious conflict Sinaloa-Sonora. Brief description agriculture, barter/exchange rates, Jesuit livestock industry, Jesuit commerce with Parral, wild food gathering (acorns, chestnuts, Quelites), Mescal making, mission architecture, settlement patterns, Indian depopulation at hands of Spaniards, Indian migration to mines/ranches outside province. Defense corporal punishment Indians. Religious/economic reasons for reduction program. Description Jesuit generosity to Indians/Spaniards during famines. Reasons why Indians should support missionaries without monetary payment. Description sad state presidial forces-untrained, cheated by captains. Abuses Sinaloa judicial system. (T. Sheridan) (1976)

List of questions concerning certain aspects of missionary activity. (T. Barnes) (1977)

Petition asking remedy for abuses by the padre, which include- inhibiting the harvest by forbidding the women to work in the fields as much as is necessary; taking too much of the yield (both of grain and of livestock); and using overly severe punishment. The governor orders capitan Berrotaran to investigate. (R. Perez) (1977)

Collection documents concerning gobernador Carbajal's visita to Santiago Papasquiaro and Tepehuan Pueblo of Atotonilco*) (1977)

Investigation of the reasons Tacuitatome, Alias Chisos Indians fled Pueblo of San Francisco de Conchos and escaped into Sierra. Charges and countercharges leveled by civil, religious authorities against each other; Franciscans accused of working the Indians without pay, charging them obenciones for burials, baptisms; justicia mayor Araoz accused of seizing Indian land, water and forcing them to work on his hacienda; Suma Indian who escaped from Collera bound for Mexico City accused of inciting Conchos Indians to flee. Includes formal interrogation of numerous witnesses. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Responding to Alday's demand for Indian auxiliaries, padre doctrinero Villasian of Julimes mission states he is able to send only six Indians, because rest are sick. Alday then writes Series of letters saying Indians ill because Villasian and his guchupin Gallego mayordomo Cayetano work Indians too hard in mission fields, fabrica de Una Casa de labor without giving them land of their own to farm. Alday accuses mayordomo Cayetano of punishing Indians so severely they abandon their homes, villages. (T. Sheridan) (1977)

Describes part of a quarrel between land owners and Jesuit missionaries in Sonora. This leads to a question of who had political and judicial authority in that province. (T. Barnes) (1976)

A continuation of the fight between the governor, the Jesuits and the Indians on one hand and the local government officials and landowners on the other. All in Sonora. A complicated affair. Refer to documents-frames-0521-0533, 1715a; and 0553- 0586, 1715a. (T. Barnes) (1976)

Juan Matteo Manje is sent to jail for being critical of the work of the Jesuits in Sonora. Besides presenting the legalities, testimonies and defenses of the case. The estate of Manje is impounded and the inventory is presented here. (T. Barnes) (1976)

Example of state-church relationships - church (at local level) obtaining permission from state to right certain wrongs committed by the state in the recent past. (T. Barnes) (1975)