Indians (Intertribal Relations)

Pima attempts to sabatoge Spanish-Seri peace. Marcos told by Pimas that Spanish pardon a trick to get all 3 rebel nations together, hang leaders and deport the rest by sea. Seris suspend surrender, but still carry out no hostilities. Crisanto and followers offer to serve as guides against other rebels. (T. Sheridan) (1980)

Letters between Nava and virrey. Nava informs virrey that Lipanes de arriba are very cooperative in peace treaty; Lipanes de Abajo do not want peace. explains that de arriba habit of hunting Cibolo twice a year is cause of discord between bands. Apaches are poorly disciplined, unused to following one chief; lay of their land makes it difficult to anticipate attacks. Mentions attack by Mescaleros, supported by troop, against Comanches; conflict resolved. Texas gobernador preparing campaign against de Abajo Lipanes. Virrey orders Nava to maintain hatred between bands, keep them divided. (D. Bautista, April 1990)

Munoz informs Nava of Lipanes' wish to See brigadier, Nacodoches gobernador to tell them to prohibit sales of fusiles, Polvora, y balas to enemy nations of north; lists gifts Munoz gives Lipanes. Trevino and Santos inform Nava of what they saw visiting Lipanes. Virrey informs Nava that Castro is ready to take control of colonies; reminds that most important thing is peace with Indians. (D. Bautista, April 1990)

Letters concerning possible treaties between military and Indians; military superiors from provincias de oriente y Poniente inform virrey of situation with Apaches; letter from Ugarte to virrey concerning possibility of peace with Lipanes; Dias informs Ugarte of situation with Indians; letter from Nava to virrey reporting number of Indians taken prisoner; Nava orders Dias to maintain good relations with Comanches; Nava informs virrey that those responsible for Mescalero attack on Comanches have been told of his displeasure; letter from Cordero to Nava reporting that prisoners were treated very well, were returned to their tribe. (D. Bautista, April 1990)

Cumanches are maintaining peace with Spanish; but Lipanes and Cumanches have not tried to make peace with each other. Lipanes attacked Cumanches at Carneada del Cibolo with several deaths resulting on both sides. Discussion of Spaniard's confusion of names Lipan and Lipiyan. (D. Marksz, October 1987)

Four Indians from Tamaulipa Oriental approach justicia de Guemes to request peace. Two long letters discuss very generally how bellicose or peaceful several tribes are, their locations, who has dealt with them, how successfully. F.216 mentions Palahuecos, Ypolitos, indios de Santiago in reduccion at Croix. (A. Dean, Jul 1990)

Detailed information on mission assets, names of justicias in charge of assets, categorized into animal types. Notes certain missions that have no Indians but significant assets, others that have many Indians but shortage of supplies. Current accounts of Indians in missions; 19 missions total, listed by location; 17 tribes represented in missions, listed according to christianos, Gentiles, gender, adult or child. Alcantara is only mission without own priest, is having church built with real hacienda funds. Vidal de Lorca mentions details of redistribution of assets among missions (mentioned also in ff. 0065-0077). (O. Velez, January 1990) Fernandes, Nicolas (justicia)/nepomuno Carrillo, Juan (justicia)/casas, Damacio (Justica)/sana, Vicente (justicia)/ Contes, Miguel (justicia)/casas, Julian de las (justicia)/ Caballero, Joaquin (justicia)/mascorro, Pedro (justicia)/valli, Juan Antonio (justicia)/garza, Antonio de la (justicia)/ Contreras, Marcelo (justicia)/ruiz, Indalecio (justicia)/ Butron, Sebastian (justicia)/garza, Miguel de la (justicia)/ Florez, Manuel Antonio (virrey)

Document characterizes Indian bands that have come down from Sierra de Tamaulipa and those that remain there as infieles, Amigos, y enemigos; indicates which groups have proposed peace or not. Vidal de Lorca offers to provide information on sites of Indian groups; informs virrey of peace proposals from Zaracuayes, Pasitas; has postponed action until comandante general (detained by Mescalero uprising in Santa Rosa) arrives. Vidal de Lorca is redistributing surplus cattle of Santa Barbara, Guemez missions to other missions and Indians. Indians under command of Benito have fled to Sierra de Tamaulipa after brawl with Santiago Indians at Croix mission. Indians suspected of killing a herder were caught, one of them asked to be baptized before being killed. Discusses Series of Indian attacks resulting in deaths of two from San Carlos. Culprits suspected as from San Christoval mission or under command of Noparan. (O. Velez, March, 1990)

Concerns Leal's declarations to Armada about Leal's actions during chase after rebeldes in Moya following attack. Contains details of chase; appears that there were Indians in Moya who incited others outside village to attack. Documentation is going to Brilante, who will take appropriate action. Leal is commended for his actions, is recommended for silver cross; still acknowledged that he did not carry out other orders. (O. Velez, January 1990)