Military-Religious Relations

Assembled, transcribed letters by Ciprian concerning attempt to establish missions along Seno Mexicano; 12 missionaries sent out from semanary at Zacatecas on November 26, 1749. Escandon, Marmolejo, Ciprian trying to cooperate to facilitate work. Ciprian later reports on missionaries' progress, itineraries, reduccion of Indians. Last several folios are original reports (redundant, beaurocratic) to Marmolejo from individual missionaries, 1752. (A. Dean, may 1990)

Letter by Chacon concerning verification of establishment of 15 missions along Seno Mexicano by apostolic college of Zacatecas; gives some detail about a few of these; F.302 mentions epidemics among Indians at missions, no specifics. Second letter by Valcarcel concerns affiliation of presidios with missions, pay of chaplains. (A. Dean, may 1990)

Concerns reports on Indians stealing horses from Sacramento. Review of the motion to relocate presidio del sacramento to valle de Santa Rosa; relocation of presidio is said to be necessary to stop Indians who do not want to accept faith. Relocation is good also, for strategic position to fight against the rebels. Missionaries support the relocation saying is good for the missions and for the Indians who eventually could be converted. Jesuits are opposed to the relocation (M. Marroquin, February 1989)

Documents concerning mismanagement of temporal and spiritual resources leveled by bishop of Guadalajara and others against Ramon, interim governor of Coahuila, and vaga, padre comisario. Also, real cedula ordering that viceroy remedy problems in aforementioned province. (J. H. Ochs, December 1987)

Documents concerning Tarahumaran conspiracy to revolt and subsequent investigation carried out by Gutierrez. Many autos of fairly redundant testimony given by Indians, non-Indians regarding events leading up to apprehension of conspirators; also, yllin's petition to viceroy requesting greater military assistance to Jesuit missionaries in Sierra. Concluding documents concern fiscal's suggestions, viceroy's decision regarding issue.

Documents concerning foundation of missions of Jesus and San Francisco Xavier in Coahuila; discuss Indians' petition for land and indoctrination in catholic faith, search for appropriate mission location. Also, Ramon's auto de Fundacion of mission San Cristoval accomplished while returning from campaign against Tobosos. (J. H. Ochs, December 1987)

Detailed account of wars with Pimas, Seris, Apaches and Papagos. Literary example with rich description of campaigns reduccion system, criminales, political Christian life, granary, rebellion of Pimas. (J. Acheson, October 1988)

Series of documents dealing with Indian and military Lipanes; peace treaty between Spaniards and Lipanes de Arriba (points of the treaty are included); campaigns against Lipanes de Abajo; capture of Indians who are giving up their weapons and surrender in the presidios; Indian women are taken prisoners; trade of weapons between Indian groups; alliance of Spaniards with subdued Indians; unconditional surrender of Indians who later are used in mission's agriculture; permits and passports given to Indian allies to negotiate with Indians rebels (Lipanes de Abajo); Indians express unhappiness due to extreme harassment by Spanish commander; Indian surrenders who had stabbed a military official. This document presents a diversity of problems and other military concerns with respect to the Indians. (M. Marroquin, December 1988)

Depressed textile workshop offered as quarters for regimento; brief discussion of Indian effects on commerce, lack of water, and abundance of scorpions; notice that regimento lodged in workshop. (p. Coyle November 1989)

Letters appointing Josef Ximenez as chaplain of ship. Three recommendation for Ximenez. Ximenez appointed to the ship San Jose to replace Manila. (K. Mckaston, March 1990)